Calculating machine



July 1927' c. M. F. FRIDEN CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Oct. 8, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIE.E.

M e V 0 Nf v /M A July 1927' c. M. F. FRIDEN CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Oct. 8, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 gig/ e w om w 7 N B I a v W w W n y July 5, 1927. 1,634,990

6. M. F. FRIDEN CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Oct. 8, 1924 v 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 )IVVf/VTOIQ Car/ Fl /Eden 1,634,990 y 5, 1927' c. M. F. FRIDEN CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Oct. 8, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 FIE-E.

14 77' GEN! Y5 LKRL M. 1L.

invention relates to calculating No. 1, ,iiJ'Z, of December 4, i923, and and partlcuiarly to calouiaib'm 1 mm my Motors Potent No.1 1,524;,924, of E ebr w 19 of the rotary iype which operatary 3;, 19615 to which reference is oz? UV the movement; of a 0 wk froo made for o moiv'a complete disclosmo th V 1 oosition through 011+: 01' more 0312283 Either This means. is @fioctivo to Tiow: the M1 mok to neutral POSiMOH or through neutrm puts durmg the time thfi i- *ahe crank o mom a piuraiiiy of tunes, Qepencimg nm h'fl g oslvlon each time iii.-

J i 3 .roon i'ho coloyfloting operation. Th inven crank \msses th'z-olgh xleut posizio- Mon 13 artlculazr 3 adapted for use com odgush-b 2 parts Thi motion with tho caiculatlng maohme shown is ob act onaoio s the im my coponding appncatlon SE18 Nor hon of errozs 11 m the modulo dnri I fiied February 27, 1922, buia in I understood that the invention is not limit one of For use in connection with tho calmjsmting is to 1 Etna-sills disclosed in my prior application. part; Qomiinuous Maooines of we type disclosed in my pilifli plioation operated by means movabie fz'om nevi tuno Mat 11o adjustefi parts an x ob ects es-om; 11,

means J the a rcppe, 1

o to mom 0),

such or-in, since the lfl hilly U0 in the my invention. ievation ot a calculatng niv IDVQHtlOIL the removed to disclose the intc' is a longitudinal section aken 8 Figure 2.

BQClLlYG view of the sepachines of the type embodying rotatable calculating mechanism which, during its rotation, is eli'ective on a counting mechanism to elfect the calculation. In the present instance l have shown the invention embodied in a machine of the keyboard type, in which the values are introduced into the calculating, mechanism by the depression of the keys. Depression of a key introduces a value corresponding to the numeral on the key, into a rotatable drum, or calculating; mechanism Witliir the machine, rotation of the drum bee cted by a crank or handle which projects to the outside of the machine. The values introduced into the drum are trans mitted, on rotation of the crank handle, ,to the figure discs of the counter mechanism, which, for the purpose of making the direct action of the selected values on the figure disc of highest value possible, is disposed in parallel displaceable relation to the calculat- 'echanism values introduced into the machine 7. the crani: ,ndle is in neutral position 1' inachin-v means are provided :lo the cranl: handle in crank handle is drum or c ltulac itial rota the elemeits aujusied POEEFQUJET; While I out of neutral p .e adjusted parts lentot the crank handle and t ition and subtraction. .o; l

performed 7 rota. on oi: the

a i in one dire tion. the open ation of subtraction bcm pe rotation at the crank handle in. the o2 direction,l the lo l the crank hand that the board is niovemen tha; t figures o subtiactc 1 t. -Jlhyi the cul nism in loc position as the c passes through neutral position. ing means is effective as long as rotational force is applied. to the crank handle and is effective Whether such force is applied to rotate the handle slowly or quickly. Thus, in performing problems of multiplication and division, the calculating mechanism re mains locked in adjusted position continuously during the movement of the handle through its cycle of operation and through neutral position.

The machine comprises a suitable base 2 upon which the various elements of the mechanism are mounted. The calculating mechanism or rotatable drum 3 is preferably mounted in the upper portion of the machine and on rotation of the drum 3, the actuating elements thereon engage the lDiGLHIQ diate Wheels l of the counting mechanism 5, which is mounted on the longitudinally movable carriage (3. The carriage is shifted longitudinally by means of the lever T vhich is arranged at the front of the machine and which is connected to suitable carriage shitting mechanism 8 by the rod 9. The calculating mechanisn'i and the carriage shitting mechanism are fully disclosed in my prior application above identified. The calculating" mechanism includes a plurality of value in the same 1' in the reverse direction With respect to the rotation of the crank handle.

Means are provided for continuously holding the detents in engagement with the racks 31, during the operations of multiplication and division, so that the discs 12 are not released by the locking mechanism, as the crank handle moves through its neutral position. Secured to one of the detents 33 is an arm 5i which is movable in time with the means for locking the adjusted parts of the calculating drum in position. Associated with the arm 51 is a stop 52 which is moved into position under the arm when the arm is raised by the engagement of the locking means with the drum and this stop is held in such position continuously during repeated rotations of the c ank shaft when the machine is set to perform problems in multiplication and division. The stop 52 is secured to a longitudinally slidable rod 53 suitably supported within the machine, and the stop normally lies to one side of the lower end of the arm 51, as is shown in full lines in Figure l. The stop 52 is normally held in this position by a spring 5-l bearing at one end against the partition wall 55 in the machine and hearing at the other end against the end wall of a cup 56 which is secured to the rod 53, the cup being employed instead of a disc secured to the rod, for the purpose of containing the spring 54. Means are provided for moving the rod 53 longitudinally to either position the stop 52 directly below the arm 51 or to move the stop past. the arm 51. The stop preferably comprises a disc having its opposite l'aces bevelled at the periphery, as shown in Figure t, so that longitudinal movement of the rod 53 when the arm 54 is in its lower position, will cause the arm to be raised to permit the stop either to position itself below the arm or to move past the arm in either direction. In solving problems in addition and subtraction, the stop is moved past. the arm and in solving problems in multiplication and division, the stop is moved into positionbelow the arm and operates to hold the arm in elevated position, so that the locking means is not released when the low spot on the cam passes under the end of the finger 3-l.

Pivotally mounted within the machine on a stud 5. is a bent lever 58, one arm of the lever being substantially vertical and the nth -i. 21:11 59 of the lever being substantially horizontal, but bein normally inclined'to the horizontal. The corner of the bent lever is in engagement with the end wall of the cup 56, which is ecured to the rod 58, so that the end 5 l the lever is raised, the red 53 is shifted itudinally to alter the position of the step with respect to the arm 51. Engaging under the substantially horizonta portion of the lever 58 are two levers 61 and 62, the lever 61 being effective to move the lever 58 during the operation of the machine in solving problems in multiplication and division and the lever 62 being operated to move the lever 58 during the operation of the machine in solving problems in addition and subtraction. The control of the machine in solving these problems is effected by the control keys 63 and Gel, the key 63 controlling the operation of the machine in problems of multiplication and division and the key 64: controlling the operation of the machine in problems of addition and subtraction. The key til is provided on its shank with a shoulder which engages under the slide bar (56 when the key (id is depressed, to hold such key in the depressed position. Disposed under the end of the shank of such key and in operative relation therewith, is the end of a lever 66 fulcrumed at 67 and having an extension (32 positioned under the substantially horizontal arm 59 of the lever 58. As the key til is moved to its depressed position, the lever 66' is rocked, raising the end (352 thereof and moving the horizontal arm 59 of the lever 58 to the position (a) indicated in Fig ure 4. This causes a longitudinal movement of the rod 53, moving the stop 52 to the position (a), in which position it is out of operative relation with respect to the arm 51. Thus, when the machine is to be used for performing problems in addition and subtraction, the key ti-l is depressed, disabling the holding mechanism as exemplified in the stop 52, so that the detents are released from the racks 31 when the crank handle reaches its neutral position and the end of the arm 3% has moved into the depression of the cam 35. Thus, in the operation of addition or subtraction, the locking means is released as the crank handle reaches neutral position. The depressed keys 13 are released during the rotation of the crank handle and before the crank handle reaches neutral position, by engagement of the oscillating arm (58 with the gate (39 which is arranged in operative relation with all of the slide bars 28. The arm 68 is cccentrically mounted on the shaft 71 which rotates in time with the calculating mechanism, so that the free end of the arm is oscillated during the rotation oi the crank handle. The arm rests on a projection 72 on the lever 66 and such projection raised by the depression of the key M to cause the linger 73 on the end of the arm GSto engage the gate 59 on the backward movement of the arm 88, thereby moving all of the latch bars 28 and releasing thedepressed keys 13.

The key 63 is depressed when it is desired to employ the machine in solving problems in multiplication and division. Depression of the key 63 merely serves to move the slide bar 66 to release the depressed hey he;

cleared by depression of the key 74. Disposed below the stem of this key is a lever 7 5 having a cam shaped end 76 which is in contact with the gate 69. When the key 7 1 is depressed, the lever 75 is rocked about its fulcrum, moving the gate 69 to move all of the latch bats 28 to release the depressed keys 13. c

When the machine is set to perform problems in multiplication and division, the end 62 of the lever 66 is in its depressed position, so that the stop 52 is in the position indicated in full lines in Figure 4. Means are provided for moving the lever 58 to move the stop 52 into the position (b) Figure 4, in which position the stop operates to hold the arm 51 elevated, thus holding the detents 33 in engagement with the rack 31. The stop 52 is moved to the position (b) by moving the horizontal arm 59 of the lever 58 to the position (b) indicated in Figure 4. The arm 59 is moved to this position by the lever 78 fulcrumed on the post 79 and having one end 61 positioned below the lever arm59 and having its other end cooperating with the crank handle 37. Means are provided whereby the initial movement of the crank from neutral position depresses the end of the lever 78 which cooperates with the crank, thus raising the lever arm 59 to the position (b) and thus shifting the stop 52 laterally into position below the raised arm 51. This lateral movement of the stop 52 may be prior to or simultaneous with the movement of the arm 51, due to the action of the cam 35. By providing the disc stop 52 with bevelled side faces, a lateral movement of the stop will cause the end of the arm 51 to ride up onto the periphery of the disc stop, thereby moving the detents 33 into engagement with the racks 31. Means are provided for causing the initial movement of the crank from neutral position to move the lever 78 about its fulcrum to shift the stop 52 to the position (b).

Secured to or formed integral with the gear 39 which is secured to the shaft 38 of the crank 37, is a disc 81 having a depression 82 therein. Supported on the shaft 38 and having a limited degree of freedom of movement with respect to the rotational movement of the disc 81, is a second disc 83 having a'depression 84 therein which is alined with the depression 82 when the crank handle is in neutral osition. The freedom of movement of the disc 81 with respect to the disc 83 is controlled by studs 85- on the disc 81 which extend into arcua-te slots 86 in the disc 83. The disc 83 therefore has a movement with respect to the disc 81 equal to the arcuate length of the slot. Means are provided for causing the disc 83 to drag behind the disc 81 as the crank 37 is rotated, so that during the time that the crank is being rotated or during the time that a rotational force is being applied to the crank, whether or not such force is sufiicient to ro- "tate the calculating mechanism, the depressions 82 and 84: are held out of alinemen't. Secured to the disc 83 is a third disc 87 having a flattened face 88 which face, in the present construction, is vertically disposed when the crank is at rest in neutral position. Pressed against the periphery of the disc 87 by a spring 89 is a centralizing bar 91, which, in its engagement with the periphery of the disc 87 offers a frictional resistance to the rotation of the disc, so that the disc 87 and the attached disc 83 drag behind the disc 81 as the crank 37 is rotated. The bar 91 also operates, by virtue of its action on the flat face 88 of the disc 87, to position said disc in neutral position when the disc is brought to rest in a positiorgadjacent to neutral position. The pressure of the arm 91 against the end of the fiat surface 88 tends to rotate the disc 87 to bring the Surface of the arm 91 in full contact with the fiat surface 88 as shown in Figure 6.

The lever 78 is provided on the end adjacent the crank 37 with a projection or tooth 92 which lies partly in the plane of the disc 81 and partly in the plane of the disc 83. This tooth 92 in its normal position, extends into the alined depressions 82 and 8 1. As either disc 81 or 83 is rotated, the tooth 92 is forced out of the depression, thus rocking the lever 7 8 and operating the stop 52. The initial movement of the crank handle 37 therefore causes movement of the lever 78 to move the stop 52 to the position (b). The frictional drag of the arm 91 causes the disc 83 to lag behind the disc, 81, so that the two depressions 82 and 84 are held out of alinement during the application of a rotational force to the crank handle 37. As the crank handle 37 passes through the neutral position as when in performing problems in multiplication ordivision, the disc 83, lagging behind the'disc 81, causes the depressions 82 and 8e1- to be staggered, so that the wide tooth 92, which underliesboth discs, cannot move into a depression and consequently the crank handle may be moved through neutral. position without causing a movement of the lever 7 8 and therefore without releasing the locking means. As long as the force applied to the crank handle as it passes throu h the neutral position, is greater than the orce of the spring 89, such spring cannot return the disc lid 83 to neutral position at the same time that the disc 81 is in neutral position, and unless these two discs are in neutral position at the same time, the locking means cannot be reased. At the end of the multiplying operation, the handle 37 is stopped at neutral position and the arm 91 thereupon returns the disc 83 to neutral position, causing an alinement of the depressions 82 and 84. and causing a release of the locking means. The handle 37 is held in neutral position by use of the Well known centralizing lever, such as is shown in my copending application, Serial No. 693,546, filed February 18, 1924. It is apparent therefore that as the crank handle is rotated, the locking means is held in effective engagement with the adjustable parts of the calculating mechanism, regardless of the speed of rotation of the crank. The movement of the crank may be very slow, but as long as a force is applied to the crank which tends to rotate the crank, the disc 81 will be held in advance of the disc 83, so that the depressions 82 and 8a cannot move into alinement and, unless these depressions move into alinement, the locking means cannot be released.

.l-claim:

1. ln a calculating machine, a rotatable calculating mechanism, a device for rotating said mechanism, means for introducing values into said mechanism, means for locking the parts of the calculating mechanism in adjusted position and means including two rotary elements having relative rotational lag for holding said locking means in engagement with said parts during the application of a rotational force to said rotating device.

2. In a calculating machine, a rotatable calculating mechanism including adjustable value selecting parts, adjusting means positively connected to said parts, k ys associated'with said ad usting means, depression of a'kcy serving to position the associated value selecting part, means for locking the value selecting parts in iijusted po sition, a crank for rotating said mechanism, Said crank having a neutral position and being movable through neutral pol on a plurality of times to el'lect calculating operation means operated by i of the crank from ne re the locking mechanism and two rotatively movable rotary elements actuated by the initial rotational movement of the crank for locking said locking means in engagement with said adjusted parts.

l. In a calculating machine, a rotatable calculating mechanism, means for moving parts of said mechanism to adjusted positions, means for locking said parts in adjusted position, a crank for rotating said mechanism, means actuated by the initial movement of the crank from neutral position for moving the locking means into engagement With said parts and for holding the locking means in engagement with said parts during movement of the crank thru neutral position. v

5. In a calculating machine, a rotatable calculating mechanism, means for moving parts of said mechanism to adjusted positions, means for locking said parts in ad justed position, a crank for rotating said mechanism, an arm movable with said locking means, a stop adapted to be positioned behind said arm when the locking means is in engagement with said parts for holding the locking means in engagement and means actuated by the rotational movement of the crank for positioning said stop behind said arm.

6. In a calculating machine, a rotatable calculating mechanism, means for moving parts of said mechanism to adjusted positions, means for locking said parts in ad usted position, a crank for rotating said mechanism, an arm movable with said locking means, a stop adapted to be positioned behind said arm when the locking means is in engagement with said parts for holding the locking means in engagement and means actuated by the application to the crank of a rotational force insuliicient to rotate said mechanism for positioning said stop behind said arm.

7. In a calculating machine, a rotatable calculating mechanism, means for moving parts of said mechanism to adjusted posi tions, means for locking said pa in adjusted position, a crank for rota= ng said mechanism, a stop movable into position to hold said locking in cnga lncnt with s ring tending to more said osition and means actuated on of rotational force to applic for holding stop in said poinc, a, rotatable its; moving 1 to adjus' "his (use

1n ing s e i wsimml fmm movab] nerd 1";

being 

